FSW APPLICATION

Additive Manufacturing Part Welded by FSW

Solid-state FSW enables the defect-free assembly of 3D-printed aluminum and copper parts, preserving mechanical strength.

assembly of additive manufacturing parts

Why Choose Friction Stir Welding for Your Additive Manufacturing Parts?

Additive manufacturing enables complex geometries, but joining large 3D-printed parts remains a challenge. Friction Stir Welding offers a solid-state solution to assemble SLM-fabricated aluminum and copper components without defects, preserving their mechanical and functional properties.

defect-free joints

100% Leak-Proof

The solid-state FSW process ensures fully sealed joints, eliminating porosities and guaranteeing leak-free performance.

high strength in AM parts assembly

High Mechanical Strength

FSW maintains the mechanical properties of 3D-printed materials, creating joints with strength close to the base metal.

AM parts in aluminum and copper

Multi-Material Capability

Proven on both aluminum and copper AM parts, FSW enables hybrid assemblies with excellent conductivity and strength.

large 3D printed components with FSW

Scalable Manufacturing

Allows the reliable assembly of large 3D-printed components, paving the way for industrial-scale additive manufacturing.

Technical Specifications of FSW-Welded Additive Manufacturing Parts

SLM Al-Si parts welded by FSW

In Additive Powder Bed Manufacturing (SLM), aluminum-silicon alloys often exhibit micro-porosities and heterogeneous microstructures that can compromise joint performance. Friction Stir Welding (FSW) offers a robust solution by ensuring full consolidation of the material in a solid state:

  • Elimination of Porosities: The intense plastic deformation and frictional heat generated by FSW close internal voids typical of SLM-fabricated parts.
  • Controlled Heat Input: As a solid-state process, FSW limits thermal gradients, preventing silicon phase coarsening and preserving the fine microstructure characteristic of additive materials.
  • Defect-Free Interface: Proper tool path and plunge depth control guarantee a uniform interface between the advancing (AS) and retreating (RS) sides, free of voids or cracks.

Once welded, the aluminum-silicon component is machined to reach its final geometry. Stirweld’s FSW head enables both operations (welding and machining) on the same CNC, offering a flexible and cost-efficient production route:

  • Seamless Transition: The Stirweld FSW head can switch from welding to machining in minutes, using the same machine setup.
  • High Dimensional Precision: FSW generates minimal distortion, allowing for tight tolerances during subsequent milling operations.
  • Surface & Structural Integrity: The machined weld zone exhibits uniform hardness and excellent surface finish, ensuring both mechanical strength and aesthetic quality.
SLM Al-Si parts welded by FSW

FSW of 3D-Printed Copper: Understanding the Thermal Challenge

FSW Copper Welding Tools – High‑Temp Precision Tools

Additive manufacturing of copper enables the production of complex, high-conductivity parts used in advanced electronic and thermal systems. However, welding copper presents a unique challenge due to its exceptional thermal conductivity.

During Friction Stir Welding, the intense frictional heat generated at the tool/workpiece interface is rapidly conducted away by the copper, concentrating the heat within the tool itself. This phenomenon highlights both the thermal efficiency of copper and the robustness of the FSW process.

The result: a defect-free, fully consolidated joint that maintains the electrical and mechanical properties required for high-performance applications.

Additive Manufacturing Parts: Key Concerns for Critical Sectors

Additive manufacturing enables the production of lightweight, complex and highly optimized metal components used in advanced engineering systems. However, many of these parts require reliable assembly to reach dimensions, functions or performance levels that exceed the capabilities of a single print. Solid-state Friction Stir Welding provides a powerful solution by ensuring defect free joints, full sealing and exceptional mechanical strength.

Thanks to its ability to preserve material integrity and eliminate porosities, FSW is particularly valuable for additive manufacturing parts used in strategic industries where reliability, thermal stability and structural performance are essential:

additive manufacturing parts in space

Space

High performance lightweight components for extreme environments

additive manufacturing parts in defense

Defense

Robust and reliable metal parts for demanding mission critical systems

additive manufacturing parts in aeronautics

Aeronautics

Lightweight structural components meeting strict safety requirements

additive manufacturing parts in railway

Railway

Durable metal assemblies designed for high load and long service life

additive manufacturing parts in vacuum

Vacuum

Fully sealed components for demanding vacuum environments

Learn More: Comprehensive FSW Resources

Explore a curated selection of resources designed to help you deepen your understanding of Friction Stir Welding. These materials provide technical insights into the principles of solid state welding, process parameters, tooling considerations and industrial applications. Whether you are evaluating FSW for a new project or looking to strengthen your technical knowledge, these resources offer a comprehensive foundation for advancing your expertise.

Webinar – 45 min – Replay on demand

FSW Basics: Unlocking the Power of Friction Stir Welding

This webinar provides a clear introduction to Friction Stir Welding (FSW), focusing on how the process operates, which parameters are critical to success, and how to detect and avoid typical weld defects. It also explores industrial applications and practical ways to improve FSW performance.

Blog articles – 5 min

Prototyping: an essential step in the choice of welding process

Quality Control of Friction Stir Welding

White paper – 20 min

Friction Stir Welding for dummies

This white paper breaks down FSW into simple, practical concepts, giving beginners a clear overview and essential guidance to grasp the process with confidence.

guide to understanding FSW technology

White paper – 20 min

Explore our expert guide on Friction Stir Welding. Gain insights into each stage, from initial planning to expert certification, to elevate your welding projects.

thermal management - FSW liquid cold plate

Turn Additive Manufacturing into Industrial Production

Discover how Friction Stir Welding enables reliable, leak proof and high strength assembly of additive manufacturing parts for critical applications.